public interface FlakeIdGenerator extends DistributedObject
long
primitive values and are
k-ordered (roughly ordered). IDs are in the range from 0
to Long.MAX_VALUE
(they
can be negative in a special case).
The IDs contain a timestamp component and a node ID component, which is assigned when the member joins the cluster. This allows the IDs to be ordered and unique without any coordination between members, which makes the generator safe even in split-brain scenario (for caveats, see here).
The layout of the generate IDs is as follows (starting from most significant bits):
You can tweak bits assigned to each component according to your use case using FlakeIdGeneratorConfig
:
Timestamp bits
The number of bits assigned to this component determines the lifespan of the generator. For example the 41 bits assigned by default allow the generator to generate IDs during about 70 years (or 140 years, if you can tolerate negative IDs). Along with epoch start, which is at the beginning of 2018 by default and is also configurable, you can determine when the generator will run out. By default it runs out slightly before the end of 2088.
Sequence bits
The number of bits assigned to the sequence component determines how many IDs can be generated per millisecond. The default value of 6, for example, allows to generate 64 IDs per millisecond (2^6). That is 64000 IDs per second. If you don't need this many IDs, you can reduce the sequence bits and allocate more for node ID or timestamp.
If more than 64 IDs are requested in a single millisecond, IDs will gracefully overflow to the next millisecond and uniqueness is guaranteed in this case. The implementation does not allow overflowing by more than certain number of seconds, 15 by default; if IDs are requested at a higher rate, the call will block. Note, however, that clients might be able to generate faster because each call goes to a different (random) member and the 64 IDs/ms limit is for a single member.
Node ID bits
This component determines mostly how many changes in the cluster we can tolerate. Default node ID component has 16 bits. Members with member list join version higher than 2^16 won't be able to generate IDs, but functionality will be preserved by forwarding to another member. It is possible to generate IDs on any member or client as long as there is at least one member with join version smaller than 2^16 in the cluster. The only remedy is to restart the cluster: nodeId will be assigned from zero again. Uniqueness after the restart will be preserved thanks to the timestamp component.
Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
---|---|
long |
newId()
Generates and returns a cluster-wide unique ID.
|
destroy, getDestroyContextForTenant, getName, getPartitionKey, getServiceName
long newId()
Operation on a member is always local, if the member has valid node ID, otherwise it's remote. On
client, this method goes to a random member and gets a batch of IDs, which will then be returned
locally for limited time. The pre-fetch size and the validity time can be configured for
each client and member, see here
for member config and see ClientConfig.addFlakeIdGeneratorConfig()
for client config.
Note: Values returned from this method may be not strictly ordered.
HazelcastException
- thrown if:Copyright © 2024 Hazelcast, Inc.. All rights reserved.